The data are in ASCII format, see Met Office Hadley Centre HadRT2.3 data format information in docs for more information.
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The HADRT2.3 data are global monthly fields of radiosonde temperature anomalies at standard pressure levels on a 5 degree latitude by 10 degree longitude grid from 1958 to 2000. Anomalies are calculated with respect to 1971-1990 climatology. Anomalies are available for 9 standard levels (850, 700, 500, 300, 200, 150, 100, 50, 30hPa) as well as tropospheric (850 - 300hPa) and stratospheric (150 - 30hPa) averages. The data are degree Celsius anomalies from 1970-1990 means. Anomalies are calculated for each of about 200 sonde stations worldwide and grid values derived from these. HADRT2.3 is a globally complete dataset based on HadRT2.1 1958-2000, but with gaps filled in by reference to the second derivative of the corresponding NCEP reanalysis temperature fields, using the Laplacian technique of Reynolds, 1988: A Real-Time Global Sea Surface Temperature Analysis. J. Climate (see docs for a link to this publication) This dataset has been superseded by the HadAT dataset also available from CEDA.